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Challenges of Cooperation Across Cyberspace

Presented at Black Hat USA 2017, July 26, 2017, 1:30 p.m. (50 minutes).

Cyberspace is formed and governed by a range of different technical and policy communities. A major challenge is insufficient awareness and mutual acceptance among the various communities. The traditional government dialogues on international security, for instance within the United Nations, have struggled to work with this reality when addressing issues of war and peace in cyberspace.

During this talk, the Chair and Commissioners of the recently established Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace (GCSC) will address the challenges of cooperating across different communities when addressing issues of international security and cyberspace. Commissioners with backgrounds in information security, Internet governance, diplomacy, international relations and law enforcement will comment on why it is important that their respective communities cooperate outside of their own silos, what the main barriers are, and how these can be overcome.

The Commission brings together stakeholders from the international security and cyberspace communities to develop proposals for norms and policies to guide responsible state and non-state behavior in cyberspace.


Presenters:

  • Bill Woodcock - Executive Director of Packet Clearing House, Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace
    Bill Woodcock is the executive director of Packet Clearing House, the international non-governmental organization that builds and supports critical Internet infrastructure, including Internet exchange points and the core of the domain name system. Since entering the Internet industry in 1985, Bill has helped establish more than two hundred Internet exchange points. In 1989, Bill developed the anycast routing technique that now protects the domain name system. In 1998, he was one of the principal drivers of California 17538.4, the world’s first anti-spam legislation. Bill was principal author of the Multicast DNS and Operator Requirements of Infrastructure Management Methods IETF drafts. In 2002, he co-founded INOC-DBA, the security-coordination hotline system that interconnects the network operations centers of more than three thousand ISPs around the world. And in 2007, Bill was one of the two international liaisons deployed by NSP-Sec to the Estonian CERT during the Russian cyber-attack. In 2011, Bill authored the first survey of Internet interconnection agreements, as input to the OECD’s analysis of the Internet economy. Now, Bill’s work focuses principally on the security and economic stability of critical Internet infrastructure.
  • Joseph Nye - University Distinguished Service Professor, and former Dean of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government , Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace
    Joe Nye is University Distinguished Service Professor and former dean of Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. He received his bachelor’s degree summa cum laude from Princeton University in 1958. He did postgraduate work at Oxford University on a Rhodes Scholarship and earned a Ph.D. in political science from Harvard. He joined the Harvard Faculty in 1964, and taught one of the largest core curriculum courses in the college. In 2009, a poll of international relations scholars listed him as one of the most influential in the past twenty years and the most influential on American foreign policy. He also served as a Commissioner on the Global Commission on Internet Governance. He has also worked in three government agencies. From 1977 to 1979, Nye served as Deputy to the Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology and chaired the National Security Council Group on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons. In recognition of his service, he received the highest Department of State commendation, the Distinguished Honor Award. In 1993 and 1994, he was chair of the National Intelligence Council, which coordinates intelligence estimates for the President. He was awarded the Intelligence Community’s Distinguished Service Medal. In 1994 and 1995, he served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, where he also won the Distinguished Service Medal with an Oak Leaf Cluster. Nye is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the Academy of Diplomacy, and of the British Academy. He serves on several non-profit boards: as co-chair (with Brent Scowcroft) of the Aspen Strategy Group, chair of the North American Group of the Trilateral Commission, a director of the Council on Foreign Relations, Chair of the Pacific Forum, and a trustee of the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He is also on advisory boards for TOTAL, Mitsubishi, and the Defense Department. He has served as a director of the Institute for East-West Security Studies, a director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, a member of the advisory committee of the Institute of International Economics, and the American representative on the United Nations Advisory Committee on Disarmament Affairs. He has been a trustee of Wells College and of Radcliffe College. He is the recipient of the Woodrow Wilson Award from Princeton University, the Charles Merriam Award from the American Political Science Association, and the Palmes Academiques from the French government. In 2008, a poll of 2700 international relations scholars listed him as the most influential scholar on American foreign policy, and a 2011 poll rated him the fourth most influential scholar in international relations over the past 20 years. He is the author of thirteen books and more than a hundred and fifty articles in professional and policy journals. His most recent publications are The Powers to Lead (2008), Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (2004), an anthology, Power in the Global Information Age (2004), a textbook Understanding International Conflict, The Power Game: A Washington Novel (2004), The Future of Power (2011) which The Economist called “rigorous and convincing,” Presidential Leadership and the Creation of the American Era (2013), and his latest book, Is the American Century Over? (2015) In addition, he has published policy articles in various newspapers and magazines, and his internationally syndicated column appears in papers in more than 70 countries. In addition to teaching at Harvard, Mr. Nye also has taught for brief periods in Geneva, Ottawa, and Oxford where he is a Visiting Professor and an honorary fellow. He has lived and done research in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Central America, Britain, France, Canada, and traveled to more than 100 countries.
  • Marina Kaljurand - Chair of the Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace, former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace
    Marina Kaljurand served as Estonian Foreign Minister from 2015 July – 2016 October. She has also been appointed as Ambassador of Estonia to several countries, including the United States of America, the Russian Federation, the State of Israel, Mexico, and Canada. Ms. Kaljurand has been appointed twice to serve as the Estonian National Expert at the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security. She began her career at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1991 and had since held several leadership positions, including Undersecretary for Legal and Consular Affairs (Legal Adviser), Undersecretary for Trade and Development Cooperation, Undersecretary for Political Affairs. She has played an important role as expert and negotiator in the process of Russian troop withdrawal and in negotiations on land and maritime boundaries agreements between Estonia and the Russian Federation, as well as in the accession negotiations of Estonia to the European Union and to the OECD. Marina Kaljurand graduated with cum laude from Tartu University (M.A. in Law), she also has a professional diploma from Estonian School of Diplomacy and an M.A. degree in International Law and Diplomacy from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. Additionally, she has undergone professional training at the Universities of Lapland, Pittsburgh and Durham and at the Civil Service College in London. She is a founding member of the Estonian branch of the International Law Association and of WIIS-EST (Estonian branch of Women in International Security). She has been awarded the Order of White Star, III class, and the Order of the National Coat of Arms, III class, by the President of Estonia. She is fluent in Estonian, English and Russian.
  • Wolfgang Kleinwachter - Professor Emeritus, University of Aarhus , Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace
    Wolfgang Kleinwachter is a Professor Emeritus from the University of Aarhus where he was teaching a master course on Internet Policy and Regulation from 1997 – 2015. He was a Director on the ICANN Board (2013 – 2015) and a Special Ambassador of the NETMundial Initiative (2014 – 2016). He is active in the field of transborder data flow and Internet Governance since the 1980s. He was involved in the making of ICANN and has participated – in various capacities – in more than 50 ICANN meetings. He served six years in the NomCom (2009/2010 as its chair) and two years in the GNSO Council (2011 – 2013), elected by the Non-Commercial Stakeholder Group (NCSG) where he is a member of the NCUC. He is also founder and chair of the ICANN Studienkreis, a high level multistakeholder network of experts and chair the Board of Medienstadt Leipzig e.V., a recognized At Large Structure under the ICANN Bylaws. He was also involved from the very beginning in the preparation of the UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). Since 2002 he was member of the WSIS Civil Society Bureau, he co-chaired the Internet Governance Caucus (IGC) and was appointed (in 2004) by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan as a member of the UN Working Group on Internet Governance (WGIG). Between 2006 and 2010 he served as Special Adviser to the Chair of the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), Nitin Desai. Until 2014 he chaired the IGF Dynamic Coalition on the Internet of Things (DC IOT). In the ITU he joined the German governmental delegation to the World Conference on International Telecommunication (WCIT) in Dubai in 2012 and served in the Informal Expert Group of the ITU World Telecommunication Policy Forum (WTPF) in 2013. He is a co-founder of the European Dialogue on Internet Governance (EURODIG), the Global Internet Governance Academic Network (GIGANET) and the Summer School on Internet Governance (SSIG). In the domain name industry he served in the Advisory Board of the dotmobi Registry, became an International Adviser to CNNIC, the Chinese ccTLD Registry and is a special Internet Governance adviser for DENIC, the German ccTLD Registry. In the academic world he was more than 20 years a council member of the International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR) and served as the president of the IAMCR Law Section between 1988 and 1998. He was a member of the Program Committee for INET 2002 in Washington D.C. and a Key-Note Speaker, Panelist, Moderator and Rapporteur of numerous international conferences. His research work includes more than 100 international publications, including 7 books. From 2011 to 2016 he was the editor of the publication series MIND (Multistakeholder Internet Dialogue). He also served as member of several advisory boards of scientific journals, including Transnational Data and Communication Report, Computer Law and Security Report, The Journal of Media Law and Practice, Gazette and the Journal for Virtual Reality. His recent publications include “Sharing Decision Making in Internet Governance”, in William Drake, The Working Group on Internet Governance: 10th Anniversary Reflections, New York 2015, “Internet Fragmentation: An Overview”, World Economic Forum Davos 2016 (with Vint Cerf and William Drake) and “Internet Governance Outlook 2017: Nationalistic Hierarchies vs. Multistakeholder Networks”, CircleID, 2017.
  • Jeff Moss / The Dark Tangent - Founder and Creator of Black Hat and DEF CON, Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace   as Jeff Moss
    A career spent at the intersection of hacking, professional cybersecurity and Internet governance gives Jeff Moss a unique perspective on information security. Mr. Moss is the founder and CEO of the DEF CON hacker conference and the founder of Black Hat Briefings, two of the world’s most influential information security events. Mr. Moss also served as the CSO/VP of ICANN (the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers). His corporate experience includes work with Ernst & Young. LLC and a directorship at Secure Computing. Mr. Moss serves on the Board of Directors for Compagnie Financière Richemont SA and is an angel investor to startups in the security space. Mr. Moss actively seeks out opportunities to help shape the infosec conversation. He is currently a member of the US Homeland Security Advisory Council and the Global Council on the Stability of Cyberspace. He is a Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, a lifetime member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Cyber Security.
  • Khoo Boon Hui - Former President of INTERPOL, Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace
    Born in Singapore in 1954, Mr. Khoo Boon Hui has more than 30 years of policing experience as well as recognised expertise in security policy and organisational management. He was the Commissioner of the Singapore Police Force from 1997 to 2010 and also served as President of INTERPOL from 2008 to 2012. After his stint in the Police, Mr Khoo was appointed Senior Deputy Secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs from 2010 to 2014. Upon his retirement from government, Mr. Khoo was appointed the Senior Advisor and subsequently Senior Fellow of the Ministry of Home Affairs on contracts which ended in 2016. He remains a Senior Fellow of the Civil Service College and the Home Team Academy. Mr Khoo obtained his Bachelor of Arts (Engineering Science & Economics) from Oxford University in 1976 and his Master in Public Administration from the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard in 1982. He attended the Advanced Management Program at Wharton in 2002 and has received numerous international honours and local awards. He is an Advisor to INTERPOL, and holds advisory and board positions in Banking, Healthcare, Security, Cybersecurity, Defence, Casino Regulation, and Philanthropy. He co-chaired the first three US-Singapore Law Enforcement Homeland Security and Safety Co-operation Dialogue with his US counterparts and the first two ASEAN Senior Officials’ Roundtable on Cybercrime as well as the Singapore Safe City testbed initiative. He is the current Chairman of the Milipol Asia Pacific Conference 2017.

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