InfoconDB

Presented at Black Hat USA 2020 Virtual, Aug. 5, 2020, 10 a.m. (40 minutes).

This is the story of how we found and exploited a series of critical vulnerabilities (later named Ripple20) affecting tens or hundreds of millions of IoT devices across all IoT sector conceivable - industrial controllers, power grids, medical, home, networking, transportation, enterprise, retail, defense, and a myriad of other types of IoT devices, manufactured and deployed by the largest American and international vendors in these fields. These vulnerabilities were found in a TCP/IP software library located at the very beginning of a complex supply chain and have lurked undetected for at least 10 years, likely much more. Over the past two decades this library has spread around the world by means of direct use as well as indirectly, through "second hand" use, rebranding, collaborations, acquisitions and repackaging, having been embedded and configurated in a range of different ways. Many of the vendors indirectly selling and using this library were not aware of their using it. Now that they know, the patch propagation dynamics are very complex and may not be possible in some cases. This library is a little known, but widely used, embedded library developed by Treck Inc.known for its high reliability, performance, and configurability. Its features make it suitable for real-time operating system usage and low-power devices. Despite being used by many large, security-aware vendors, these vulnerabilities lay dormant and undiscovered - while actors of all types could have discovered these vulnerabilities by finding one of several bugs in any of the components, exposing hundreds of others immediately. This would provide a field day of affected devices for the picking. In this presentation, we will discuss one of the vulnerabilities in technical depth, demonstrating an RCE exploit on a vulnerable device. We will explain how the vulnerabilities became so widespread, and what we still don’t know. We will speculate as to why these vulnerabilities survived for so long and show why some vendors are worse affected than others.

Presenters:

Moshe Kol - Security Researcher, JSOF LTD
Moshe Kol is a wickedly talented security researcher, currently finishing his Computer Science studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He has many years of networking and security research experience working for the MOD where he honed his skills originally developed at home – as he was led by sheer curiosity into the world of reverse engineering and security research.
Ariel Schön - Security Researcher, JSOF LTD
<div>Ariel Schön is an experienced security researcher with unique experience in embedded and IoT security as well as vulnerability research. Ariel is a veteran of the IDF Intelligence Corps, where he served in research and management positions. Currently, he is consuming caffeine and doing security research at JSOF.</div>
Shlomi Oberman - CEO, JSOF LTD
Shlomi Oberman is an experienced security researcher and leader with over a decade of experience in security research and product security. In the past few years his interest has been helping secure Software - while it is being written and after it has shipped. Shlomi is a veteran of the IDF Intelligence Corps and has many years of experience in the private sector working with companies who are leaders in their field. He has spoken internationally and his research has been presented in industry conferences such as CodeBlue Tokyo and Hack-In-The-Box as well as other conferences. He is also an experienced teacher, training researchers and engineers in Embedded Exploitation and Secure Coding, as well as an organizer of local community cyber-security events. Shlomi has the unique advantage of a broad technical understanding of the Security Field as well as deep knowledge of an attacker's mindset, which is extremely useful when securing software. Prior to Founding JSOF, Shlomi worked as an independent consultant, where he advised and performed R&D for many leading companies, Shlomi has the unique advantage of a broad technical understanding of the Security Field as well as deep knowledge of an attacker's mindset.

Hacking the Supply Chain – The Ripple20 Vulnerabilities Haunt Tens of Millions of Critical Devices

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